شرح الماضي الافتراضي في اللغة الإنجليزية The Unreal Past

مرحباً بكم مع الدرس الثامن عشر من دروس قواعد الإنجليزية: شرح الماضي الافتراضي في اللغة الإنجليزية The Unreal Past

أولاً: المقصود من الماضي الافتراضي:

في حالة التعبير عن مواقف غير حقيقية أو خيالية أو التعبير عن رغبة لا يمكن تحقيقها:

1- نستخدم الماضي البسيط لتمني أو افتراض في الحاضر مثل:

I wish I knew his phone No. to communicate with him. (but I do not know it)

I wish I realized earlier that he is a real man.

I wish he came now.

2- نستخدم الماضي التام لتمني أو افتراض في الماضي مثل:

They behave as if they had succeeded in all exams.

We wish that he had passed the interview to obtain the job.

I wish (wished) he had attended the party yesterday.

He talks about England as if he had been there himself.

I wish he had gone yesterday.

الكلمات المستخدمة مع الماضي الافتراضي هي:

Wish, if only, as if, as though, suppose, it is high time, it is about time….

ملحوظة:

إذا كان الفعل المستخدم في الجملة هو فعل الكينونة (to be) فمن الأفضل استخدام (were) مع كل الضمائر مثل:

I wish he were you.

We wish you were a good partner.

ملحوظة2:

كلمة wish و if only يمكن أن تشير إلى المستقبل لذلك نستخدم كلمة would بدلاً من will مثل:

I wish he would come next week.

If only she would meet us tomorrow.

ثانياً: تمارين على استخدام الماضي الافتراضي:

تمرين رقم 1:

ضع الفعل بين القوسين في الصيغة الصحيحة:

1- I wish you (tell) me earlier about his continuous lies.

2- It is high time he (sell) his crops.

3- I wish I (be) as clever as he is.

4- if only he (be) certain about her address.

5- He walks as if he (have) a wooden leg.

6- He treats us as though we (be) children.

7- Suppose that the teacher (catch) you smoking.

8- If only he (not eat) so much last night.

9- I wished he (tell us the truth)

10- If only he (return) tomorrow.

تمرين رقم 2:

اختر الإجابة الصحيحة وضعها في مكانها المناسب:

1- I wish I ……………. a doctor to treat her. (am, were, was)

2- If only she ………….. her question in a polite manner. (asks, asked, had asked)

3- She walks in a strange manner as if she …………….. a big prize. (win, won, had won)

ثالثاً: حلول التمارين:

حل تمرين رقم 1:

1- I wish you told me earlier about his continuous lies.

2- It is high time he sold his crops.

3- I wish I were as clever as he is.

4- If only he were certain about her address.

5- He walks as if he had a wooden leg.

6- He treats us as though we were children.

7- Suppose that the teacher caught you smoking.

8- If only he did not eat so much last night.

9- I wished he had told us the truth

10- If only he returned tomorrow.

حل تمرين رقم 2:

1- I wish I were a doctor to treat her.

2- If only she had asked her question in a polite manner.

3- She walks in a strange manner as if she won a big prize.